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Inspiratory Muscle Training and Physical Fitness in Children With Down Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Mohamed Ali Elshafey1, Reham Saeed Alsakhawi2
1Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Objective:
To investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on physical fitness in children with Down syndrome (DS).
Design:
Randomized control trial.
Setting:
The study was conducted in a private physical therapy center.
Participants:
Forty boys and girls with DS aged between 7 and 10 years were enrolled in this study (N=40). They were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups (A and B).
Interventions:
All participants received 30 minutes of aerobic exercise training 3 times per week for 12 weeks, whereas group B received an additional 30 minutes of IMT before each aerobic exercise session.
Main Outcomes Measures:
Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP); maximal expiratory pressure (MEP); submaximal aerobic endurance; muscular strength; endurance.
Results:
Among the group undergoing IMT, there were significant improvements in MIP, MEP, and submaximal aerobic endurance using the six-minute walk test (6MWT); strength and endurance using the curl-up, dumbbell press, trunk lift, standing long jump, seated push-up, pull-up, and flexed-arm hang; and back saver sit and reach tests (P > 0.05).
Conclusions:
Inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise training demonstrated more significant improvements in physical fitness than in those children who received only aerobic exercise training.
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