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Respiratory complications and sleep disorders in children with chronic kidney disease: A correlation often

M Lelii1, L Senatore1, F Paglialonga2

  • 1Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, via della Commenda 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|May 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) impacts lung function and causes sleep disorders (SD) in children. This review explores the kidney-lung connection and its effects on pediatric respiratory health and sleep quality.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) involves progressive kidney function loss, leading to uremic toxicity affecting multiple organs.
  • Impaired pulmonary function in CKD is linked to fluid retention, metabolic and cardiovascular changes, and inflammation.
  • Sleep disorders (SD) are common in CKD patients, worsening health and quality of life, particularly in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology linking lung and kidney function.
  • To summarize the impact of CKD on respiratory function in children.
  • To explore how CKD affects sleep in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric CKD.
  • Analysis of studies examining kidney-lung interactions.
  • Synthesis of data on respiratory and sleep disturbances in pediatric CKD.

Main Results:

  • CKD pathophysiology involves complex interactions affecting pulmonary health.
  • Pediatric CKD patients exhibit significant respiratory complications.
  • Sleep disorders are prevalent and detrimental in children with CKD.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the kidney-lung-sleep axis is crucial for pediatric CKD management.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate these relationships in children.
  • Addressing respiratory and sleep issues can improve outcomes for pediatric CKD patients.

Keywords:
Central apnoeaChronic kidney diseaseEnd-stage renal diseaseHypoventilationLung functionQuality of lifeSleep-disordered breathing

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