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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors
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Assessing Bladder Radiotherapy Response With Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis.

S Hafeez1, M Koh1, K Jones1

  • 1The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Clinical Oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))
|May 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) analysis accurately assess bladder cancer radiotherapy response. This non-invasive method aids in treatment follow-up and decision-making for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Keywords:
Bladder cancerDiffusion-weighted MRIMRIRadiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treatment often involves radiotherapy with radiosensitization for organ preservation.
  • Assessing treatment response traditionally relies on endoscopic evaluation, which can be invasive.
  • Developing non-invasive methods to monitor radiotherapy response is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) analysis in assessing radiotherapy response in MIBC.
  • To determine if quantitative DWI parameters can predict treatment outcomes non-invasively.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 34 patients with MIBC undergoing radical radiotherapy.
  • Pre-treatment and 3-month post-radiotherapy MRI including DWI (b values 0-750 s/mm²).
  • Calculation of ADC parameters (mean, percentiles, change) and ROC analysis to identify predictive thresholds for response.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in mean ADC values (ΔADCall and ΔADCb100) and percentage changes (%ΔADCall and %ΔADCb100) were observed in patients with a positive response compared to non-responders (P < 0.0001).
  • High predictive accuracy (AUC >0.9) was achieved using various ΔADC and %ΔADC parameters.
  • Specific thresholds for ΔADCall (0.16 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) and ΔADCb100 (0.12 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for predicting response.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative DWI analysis offers a reliable, non-invasive method for assessing radiotherapy response in MIBC.
  • These findings support the potential of DWI/ADC analysis to inform follow-up schedules and clinical decision-making.
  • Multicenter validation is recommended prior to clinical implementation.