Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Using Mouse Mammary Tumor Cells to Teach Core Biology Concepts: A Simple Lab Module
10:39

Using Mouse Mammary Tumor Cells to Teach Core Biology Concepts: A Simple Lab Module

Published on: June 18, 2015

13.3K

Growth arrest-specific transcript 5 represses endometrial cancer development by promoting antitumor function of

Jiajie Tu1,2, Xuewen Tan2, Yu Chen1

  • 1Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.

Cancer Science
|May 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Long noncoding RNA GAS5 suppresses endometrial cancer by reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages. GAS5 enhances macrophage anti-tumor activity, inhibiting cancer growth through immune modulation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 is a known tumor suppressor.
  • The role of GAS5 in endometrial cancer (EC) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of GAS5 in TAMs within the context of endometrial cancer.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which GAS5 influences TAM phenotype and anti-tumor activity.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative PCR to assess GAS5 expression in EC tissues and TAMs.
  • Co-culture experiments of GAS5-overexpressing TAMs and EC cells.
  • In vivo tumor formation studies in immunodeficient mice.
  • Analysis of immune cell activation, phagocytosis, and signaling pathways (miR-21-PTEN-AKT, YAP1).

Main Results:

  • GAS5 expression was reduced in EC tissues and TAMs.
  • GAS5 overexpression in TAMs enhanced phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and T cell activation while reducing "Don't eat me" signals.
  • GAS5-overexpressing macrophages inhibited EC formation in vivo.
  • GAS5 promoted M1 TAM polarization by activating the miR-21-PTEN-AKT pathway and inhibiting YAP1.

Conclusions:

  • GAS5 acts as a tumor suppressor in endometrial cancer by modulating TAMs.
  • GAS5 transforms TAMs from a protumor to an antitumor phenotype, enhancing innate and adaptive immunity against EC.
  • The miR-21-PTEN-AKT pathway and YAP1 are key mediators of GAS5's anti-tumor effects in TAMs.
Keywords:
GAS5TAMcytotoxic T cellendometrial cancerphagocytosis

More Related Videos

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports07:44

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

Published on: November 28, 2019

7.6K
Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells06:54

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

13.3K

Related Concept Videos

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.9K
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
7.0K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.6K
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.8K
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
3.8K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
21.9K