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Feno differentiates epithelial gene expression clusters: Exploratory analysis from the MESOS randomized controlled

Sarah Diver¹, Sriram Sridhar², Latifa C Khalfaoui¹

¹Institute for Lung Health, Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|May 10, 2022

Summary

Asthma gene expression signatures, T2 and T17, identified distinct inflammatory subgroups. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) levels correlated with T2 expression and cystatin SN (CST1) upregulation.

Keywords:

Asthma expression profiling

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Published on: October 25, 2018

Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Molecular Biology
Immunology

Background:

Asthma pathogenesis understanding can be advanced by correlating biomarkers with gene expression.
Identifying drivers of severe asthma is crucial for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To profile baseline airway inflammation in moderate-to-severe asthma patients.
To explore relationships between gene expression signatures and inflammatory biomarkers.

Main Methods:

Transcriptomic analysis of bronchial brushing samples to determine T2 and T17 gene expression signatures.
Clustering analysis to identify distinct inflammatory subgroups.
Measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) and correlation with gene expression and other biomarkers.

Main Results:

Three distinct inflammatory subgroups were identified: T2 ^LOW/T17 ^HIGH, T2 ^HIGH/T17 ^LOW, and T2 ^LOW/T17 ^LOW.
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) levels were significantly different across subgroups, being highest in T2 ^HIGH/T17 ^LOW.
High Feno levels strongly correlated with T2 gene expression and elevated cystatin SN (CST1) expression.

Conclusions:

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) may serve as a biomarker to differentiate between T2 and T17 asthma phenotypes.
Elevated Feno levels are associated with increased CST1 expression, suggesting a potential role in T2-high asthma inflammation.