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Cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality in patients with retinal vein occlusion: a Danish nationwide cohort

Katrine Hartmund Frederiksen1,2, Lonny Stokholm2,3, Peter Hartmund Frederiksen2,4

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark katrine.h.frederiksen@rsyd.dk.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is linked to a 13% increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly after 2011. Mortality risk was not significantly elevated overall, but central RVO showed a slight increase.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality require updated evaluation.
  • Novel therapeutic options for RVO have influenced patient referral patterns.
  • Recent cohort data is needed to assess risks following advancements in RVO treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the overall and subtype-stratified risk of CVD and all-cause mortality following RVO.
  • To assess changes in CVD and mortality risk after the introduction of angiostatic therapy in Denmark in 2011.
  • To analyze the impact of RVO on cardiovascular health and survival in a contemporary population.

Main Methods:

  • Nationwide, registry-based cohort study from 1998 to 2018 in Denmark.
  • Inclusion of 4,194,781 individuals, with 15,665 diagnosed with RVO.
  • Hazard ratios (HRs) calculated for overall RVO, branch RVO, and central RVO, with subgroup analysis by diagnosis year.

Main Results:

  • RVO was associated with a 13% increased risk of incident CVD (aHR 1.13).
  • No significant association was found between RVO and all-cause mortality (aHR 1.00).
  • Central RVO showed increased mortality risk (aHR 1.12), and CVD risk was higher post-2011 (aHR 1.24).

Conclusions:

  • Patients with RVO face a significantly increased risk of incident CVD.
  • The introduction of intravitreal angiostatic treatment in 2011 correlated with altered referral practices and increased CVD risk.
  • RVO serves as a potential indicator for heightened cardiovascular risk, necessitating further investigation into management strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
EpidemiologyRetina

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