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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
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Micropeptides translated from putative long non-coding RNAs.

Junhong Li1, Lei Qu1, Lingjie Sang1

  • 1MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica
|May 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent findings reveal that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be translated into functional micropeptides. This review explores their identification, biological roles, and future research prospects.

Keywords:
coding-potentiallong non-coding RNA (lncRNA)micropeptidesmall open reading frame (sORF)

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were traditionally considered non-protein coding.
  • Emerging evidence indicates many lncRNAs are mis-annotated.
  • These lncRNAs possess coding potential for small peptides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the field of micropeptides translated from lncRNAs.
  • To describe methods for identifying these micropeptides.
  • To elucidate their biological functions and potential applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on lncRNA translation.
  • Analysis of strategies for micropeptide identification.
  • Synthesis of data on micropeptide roles in biological processes.

Main Results:

  • A significant number of lncRNAs can be translated into functional micropeptides.
  • Various ribosomal and bioinformatics strategies are employed for identification.
  • Micropeptides play crucial roles in fundamental biological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Micropeptides represent a newly recognized class of functional molecules derived from lncRNAs.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand their diverse roles.
  • Micropeptides hold promise for future therapeutic and diagnostic applications.