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Histamine and Microglia

Tomomitsu Iida1,2, Kazuhiko Yanai1, Takeo Yoshikawa3

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|May 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Brain histamine influences microglia, key cells in neuroinflammation and central nervous system (CNS) disorders like Parkinson's disease. Targeting histamine pathways offers a potential therapeutic strategy for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Microglia are crucial glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), playing a significant role in neuroinflammation.
  • Emerging research highlights brain histamine's regulatory role in both glial cells and neurons.
  • Microglia are implicated in CNS disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD), and depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on histamine's effects on microglial functions.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the CNS histamine system for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Summary of in vitro studies on histamine receptors in microglia and their functions (chemotaxis, migration, cytokine secretion, autophagy).
  • Analysis of in vivo studies using histamine-related reagents in animal models of human diseases (ALS, PD, brain ischemia).
  • Review of human studies investigating histamine receptor levels in neurological disorders.

Main Results:

  • Histamine receptors are expressed on microglia, modulating key cellular functions.
  • Histamine-targeting agents have shown efficacy in ameliorating symptoms in animal models of neurological diseases.
  • Altered histamine receptor levels in human ALS and PD patients underscore the system's clinical relevance.

Conclusions:

  • The central nervous system (CNS) histamine system, particularly histamine-mediated microglial modulation, represents a promising therapeutic target.
  • Targeting histamine pathways could offer novel treatment strategies for a range of CNS disorders characterized by neuroinflammation.
Keywords:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosisHistamineMicrogliaParkinson’s disease

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