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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Transfer of Manipulated Tumor-associated Neutrophils into Tumor-Bearing Mice to Study their Angiogenic Potential In Vivo
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Inhibition of NOS1 promotes the interferon response of melanoma cells

Xi Chen1, Zhiwei Zou1, Qianli Wang1

  • 1Cancer Research Institute, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, 16, Guangzhou, 510515, China.

Journal of Translational Medicine
|May 10, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) promotes melanoma growth and immune escape. Deleting NOS1 enhances anti-tumor immunity and predicts better patient survival, offering new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) expression correlates with poor prognosis in melanoma patients.
  • The precise role of NOS1 in melanoma's type I interferon response and immune evasion remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular function of NOS1 in melanoma progression and its impact on the immune response.
  • To determine if targeting NOS1 can alter melanoma cell behavior and improve anti-tumor immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Generated NOS1-knockout melanoma cells using CRISPR/Cas9.
  • Assessed cell proliferation, cell cycle, and tumor growth in mouse models.
  • Analyzed gene expression profiles via microarray and RNA-seq.
  • Correlated findings with clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

Main Results:

  • NOS1 deletion suppressed melanoma cell proliferation and tumor growth.
  • NOS1 knockout increased CD3+ immune cell infiltration and upregulated immune response pathways.
  • NOS1 inhibition enhanced melanoma cell response to interferon (IFN) by upregulating interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs).
  • NOS1-regulating immune genes (NOS1-ISGs) serve as a signature for poor survival and chemotherapy response in melanoma patients.

Conclusions:

  • NOS1 promotes melanoma tumor growth through metabolic regulation and immune escape.
  • Targeting NOS1 presents a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance anti-tumor immunity in melanoma.
Keywords:
BioinformaticsCRISPR/Cas9InterferonMelanomaMetabolismNOS1

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