Bio-inspired microcapsule for targeted antithrombotic drug delivery

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Thrombosis and embolism are leading global causes of death and disability.
• Current treatments carry risks of thrombosis and hemorrhage.
• Need for effective and targeted antithrombotic drug delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a facile and versatile method for fabricating microcapsules for targeted antithrombotic drug delivery.
• To load and evaluate the release of nattokinase from these microcapsules.
• To assess the antithrombotic efficacy of the nattokinase-loaded microcapsules.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of microcapsules via dopamine polymerization on polystyrene microspheres.
• Immobilization of fibrinogen and core removal to create poly(dopamine) microcapsules.
• Loading of nattokinase via diffusion and assessment of release kinetics at 37°C.

Main Results:

• Microcapsules achieved a nattokinase loading of approximately 0.05 mg g⁻¹ with nearly 75% efficiency.
• Nattokinase exhibited gradual release at 37°C.
• Demonstrated high efficiency in targeting activated platelets, dissolving fibrin clots, and prolonging blood clotting time.

Conclusions:

• Developed platelet-inspired microcapsules for targeted antithrombotic therapy with a gradual release mechanism.
• This strategy offers potential for reduced dosage, minimized side effects, and maximized efficacy.
• Provides a promising new approach for treating vascular disruption-related diseases.