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Lignin-first depolymerization of native corn stover with an unsupported MoS2 catalyst.

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A novel lignin-first biorefinery process using a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) catalyst efficiently converts corn stover into valuable phenolic monomers. This sustainable approach enhances lignin degradation while preserving carbohydrates, offering a promising route for chemical production.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass Conversion
  • Catalysis
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Lignin-first biorefineries offer a sustainable pathway for producing phenolic chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass.
  • Developing efficient and cost-effective catalysts is crucial for advancing these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of an unsupported non-noble molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) catalyst for producing phenolic monomers from corn stover via a lignin-first approach.
  • To optimize reaction conditions and understand the catalytic mechanism for enhanced lignin depolymerization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized corn stover as feedstock for a lignin-first biorefinery process.
  • Employed an unsupported non-noble MoS2 catalyst for lignin depolymerization and phenolic monomer production.
  • Characterized lignin degradation and phenolic product yields using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a significant enhancement in phenolic monomer yield from 6.65% to 18.47% using MoS2 at 250 °C.
  • Degraded approximately 75% of lignin while preserving over 90% of glucan in the solid residues.
  • Demonstrated catalyst reusability with a 14.30% phenolic monomer yield after five reaction cycles.
  • Identified enhanced cleavage of β-O-4, γ-ester, and benzyl ether linkages in lignin.

Conclusions:

  • The MoS2 catalyst is effective for the lignin-first production of phenolic monomers from corn stover, showing good stability and reusability.
  • The study provides insights into the lignin depolymerization mechanism, highlighting the catalyst's role in cleaving key lignin linkages.
  • This research contributes foundational knowledge for improving graminaceous plant lignin-first processes using non-noble metal catalysts.