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Updated: Sep 23, 2025
Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
Published on: July 3, 2025
Covalently-functionalized graphene oxide via introduction of bifunctional phosphorus-containing molecules as an
Kang Dai1, Shuai Sun1, Wenbin Xu1
1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 P. R. China xuwenbin@gdut.edu.cn daikang@mail.ustc.edu.cn +86 20 39322296 +86 20 39322296.
Abstract:
Covalently-functionalized graphene oxide (FGO) was successfully prepared by grafting a novel phosphorus-containing flame retardant, [2-((6-oxidodibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinin-6-yl)methoxy)acryloxyethylchlorophosphate, PACP], to graphene oxide (GO). The resulting FGO demonstrated hydrophobicity and stability in polar solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The reactive vinyl groups of PACP attached to FGO further copolymerized with styrene to produce polystyrene-FGO (PS-FGO) nanocomposites. PS-FGO samples showed obviously improved fire-resistance, thermal behavior and glass transition temperature in comparison with those of neat PS and PS-GO samples, due to the good dispersion of FGO in PS as well as the strong interfacial bonds between FGO and the matrix. In addition, thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared (TG-FTIR) results indicated that the evolution of volatile products from PS decomposition was significantly inhibited by the introduction of FGO. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTIR and Raman spectroscopy were employed to investigate the char residue, elaborating the flame-retardance mechanism.
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