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Alzheimer's Disease Prevention Health Coaching.

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Community-level telephone health coaching effectively reduced Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factors in low-income older adults. This intervention shows promise for improving lifestyle habits and mitigating AD risk in diverse populations.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention strategies emphasize lifestyle risk reduction.
  • Community-level interventions are crucial but underutilized for AD risk mitigation.
  • This study explored the feasibility of telephone-based health coaching for AD risk reduction in a vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a 12-week telephone-health coaching program for AD lifestyle risk reduction.
  • To examine changes in risk factors and health outcomes among low-income older adults with chronic conditions.
  • To evaluate participant engagement and satisfaction with the coaching intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-week telephone-based health coaching program was delivered to diverse older adults (60+) in Richmond, VA.
  • Participants had incomes below $12,000/year and managed diabetic/cardiovascular symptoms.
  • Data were collected at baseline, 3-month, and post-COVID-19 follow-up points, with Repeated Measures ANOVAs used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant overall risk reduction was observed in both Phase 1 (p=.004) and Phase 2 (p=.03).
  • Improvements were noted in memory complaints, AD knowledge, social isolation, tobacco addiction, and mental health days.
  • Participants reporting memory problems showed greater improvements in memory complaints and reduced tired days.

Conclusions:

  • Telephone-based health coaching is a practical and feasible intervention for AD risk reduction.
  • The intervention demonstrated positive trends in modifiable AD risk factors among low-income, diverse older adults.
  • Findings support further large-scale investigations into lifestyle interventions for AD prevention.