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Optimizing Chitosan/Collagen Type I/Nanohydroxyapatite Cross-linked Porous Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Ayşe Karakeçili1, Serdar Korpayev2, Kaan Orhan3,4
1Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. akarakecili@eng.ankara.edu.tr.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|May 11, 2022
Summary
Optimized chitosan/collagen/nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds show promise for bone regeneration. Glyoxal cross-linked scaffolds with equal chitosan and collagen content best promote osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Bio-composite scaffolds are crucial for bone tissue engineering, mimicking the natural bone microenvironment.
- Combining natural polymers like chitosan (Chi) with bioactive ceramics like nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) and collagen type I (Coll) is a key strategy.
- Optimizing scaffold properties is essential for effective bone regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and optimize bio-composite scaffolds for bone regeneration.
- To investigate the effects of cross-linker type and collagen content on scaffold properties and osteoblast differentiation.
- To identify the ideal composition for enhanced osteogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of chitosan/collagen/nanohydroxyapatite (Chi/Coll/nHA) scaffolds using the freeze-drying method.
- Cross-linking of scaffolds with various agents to assess structural and mechanical properties.
- Physicochemical and mechanical characterization of the scaffolds.
- Evaluation of MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and matrix mineralization.
Main Results:
- All scaffolds exhibited highly porous structures.
- Glyoxal cross-linking resulted in optimal mechanical and structural properties.
- Increased collagen type I content significantly enhanced cell proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and matrix mineralization.
- Scaffolds with equal mass of Chi and Coll and 1% (w/v) nHA demonstrated superior osteogenic potential.
Conclusions:
- Glyoxal cross-linked Chi/Coll/nHA scaffolds are highly effective for bone tissue engineering.
- The composition of equal Chi and Coll by mass, along with 1% (w/v) nHA, is optimal for promoting osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization.
- These optimized scaffolds represent promising candidates for material-guided bone regeneration.
