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Multiplexed rapid technologies for sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review
Angela Karellis1, Faheel Naeem1, Suma Nair2
1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
The Lancet. Microbe
|May 11, 2022
Summary
Multiplex diagnostic tests for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) show high accuracy for simultaneous screening and treatment. These rapid nucleic acid amplification tests and immunochromatographic devices are reliable for public health initiatives.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Diagnostics
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Multiplexed technologies enable simultaneous detection and treatment of multiple sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Limited real-world data exists on the diagnostic performance of these advanced STI testing platforms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and analyze the diagnostic performance of multiplexed technologies for STIs.
- To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of multiplex rapid nucleic acid amplification tests and immunochromatographic devices.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies published between January 1, 2009, and April 20, 2020.
- Data abstraction and analysis of sensitivity and specificity from 24 studies.
- Evaluation of 17 multiplex rapid nucleic acid amplification test platforms and 7 multiplex immunochromatographic devices across 19 STIs in 26,126 individuals.
Main Results:
- Both multiplex rapid nucleic acid amplification tests and immunochromatographic devices demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.
- Performance varied based on the specific pathogen, device type, seropositivity, and screened subpopulation.
- Most devices achieved over 95% sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusions:
- Multiplex immunochromatographic tests and rapid nucleic acid amplification test platforms are suitable for both screening and confirmatory STI diagnostics.
- These accurate devices support integrated, rapid STI screening and treatment initiatives.
- Recommended for antimicrobial stewardship and disease elimination programs.
