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Updated: Sep 23, 2025
A Method to Quantify Visual Information Processing in Children Using Eye Tracking
Published on: July 9, 2016
Comparison of image-based quantification methods in evaluating fixation stability using a remote eye tracker in
Sang-Yeob Kim1, Byeong-Yeon Moon1, Hyun Gug Cho1
1Department of Optometry, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, South Korea.
Objective:
This study was performed to establish a quantitative evaluation and comparison of fixation stability, as measured by an eye tracker, using image-based areas determined by the bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA), kernel density estimation (KDE), and Scanpath methods.
Methods:
This prospective cross-sectional study included 45 and 20 participants with abnormal and normal phoria, respectively. Eye movements were recorded using a remote eye tracker and were plotted using RStudio software. Image-based areas were evaluated using ImageJ software.
Results:
The image-based areas used to evaluate fixation stability exhibited decreasing stability in the abnormal phoria group in the following order: KDE with ±1 standard deviation (SD), BCEA with ±1 SD, KDE with ±2 SD or Scanpath, and BCEA with ±2 SD. The BCEA tended to be overestimated, and the KDE tended to be underestimated at high density. The Scanpath method had a very high probability area because the area spans all gaze points.
Conclusions:
Fixation stability could be quantified as image-based areas by the KDE, BCEA, and Scanpath methods. Our findings suggest that fixation stability may be evaluated using one or more methods.
