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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

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Partial ORF1ab Gene Target Failure with Omicron BA.2.12.1.

Kyle G Rodino, David R Peaper, Brendan J Kelly

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences

|May 13, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Partial ORF1ab gene target failure (pOGTF) on diagnostic assays can rapidly detect the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.12.1 variant. This molecular marker offers faster variant tracking than sequencing, aiding public health surveillance.

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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

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Published on: December 29, 2015

Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Diagnostics
Epidemiology

Background:

Viral mutations in SARS-CoV-2 can affect molecular diagnostic assay performance.
Specific mutations, like S gene target failure, can indicate particular SARS-CoV-2 variants for rapid detection.
Emerging variants may possess mutations impacting transmission, infectivity, and immune evasion.

Approach:

Described partial ORF1ab gene target failure (pOGTF) using cobas SARS-CoV-2 assays.
Defined pOGTF as a ≥2 thermocycle delay in ORF1ab gene detection versus the E gene.
Assessed pOGTF sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 lineage BA.2.12.1.

Key Points:

pOGTF demonstrated 97% sensitivity and 99% specificity for SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.12.1.
Observed increasing pOGTF rates closely correlated with BA.2.12.1 sequencing data and local test positivity.
BA.2.12.1 possesses spike L452Q and S704L mutations.

Conclusions:

pOGTF serves as an effective proxy for tracking SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.12.1.
This method provides faster variant surveillance compared to whole-genome sequencing.
pOGTF benefits laboratories lacking advanced sequencing capabilities.