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New-onset acute ischemic stroke following COVID-19: A case-control study

Fariborz Khorvash1, Mohammad Amin Najafi1, Mohsen Kheradmand1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Al Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences : the Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
|May 13, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Patients with COVID-19 who experienced acute ischemic stroke were older and had more severe disease. Higher white blood cell, neutrophil, D-Dimer, and BUN levels were observed in stroke patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Neurological complications of COVID-19 are increasingly recognized.
  • COVID-19 is associated with an elevated risk of thromboembolic events.
  • Understanding the link between COVID-19 and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with and without new-onset AIS.
  • To identify factors associated with AIS in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center retrospective case-control study was conducted.
  • Demographics, clinical data, laboratory findings, and outcomes were compared between 51 COVID-19 patients with AIS and 160 COVID-19 patients without AIS.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 patients with AIS were older and more likely to have critical illness, ICU admission, prolonged hospitalization, and higher mortality.
  • Lower oxygen saturation, PH, and HCO3 levels were noted in AIS patients at admission.
  • Elevated white blood cell count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, D-Dimer, BUN, and BUN/Cr ratio were significantly higher in patients with AIS.

Conclusions:

  • AIS in COVID-19 is multifactorial, influenced by conventional stroke risk factors and COVID-19 severity.
  • Severe COVID-19 increases the risk of ischemic stroke.
  • Specific laboratory markers (leukocyte, neutrophil, D-Dimer, BUN) are associated with AIS in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute ischemic strokeD-dimerblood urea nitrogencoronavirus disease 2019

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