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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet.

M K Joshi1, F Kranzl1,2, A Schuckert3,4

  • 1Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Technikerstraße 21a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored quantum dynamics in ions, discovering universal hydrodynamic behaviors like Lévy flights. This reveals insights into nonequilibrium quantum matter and its emergent classical properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Identifying universal properties of nonequilibrium quantum states is a significant challenge.
  • Classical hydrodynamics is predicted to emerge universally in interacting quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally probe quantum dynamics and observe emergent hydrodynamic universality classes.
  • To investigate the range of universality classes, from normal diffusion to anomalous superdiffusion.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 51 individually controlled ions to create a long-range interacting spin chain.
  • Measured space-time-resolved correlation functions in an infinite temperature state.

Main Results:

  • Observed a family of hydrodynamic universality classes, including Lévy flights (anomalous superdiffusion).
  • Extracted transport coefficients, linking microscopic system properties to macroscopic hydrodynamic behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered quantum systems can offer crucial insights into universal properties of nonequilibrium quantum matter.
  • Demonstrated the emergence of classical hydrodynamics from interacting quantum systems.