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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
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Structural Classification of Joints01:20

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

The Use of Mixed Reality in Custom-Made Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A First Case Report
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Development of the Revision Hip Complexity Classification using a modified Delphi technique.

Justin W Y Leong1, Rohit Singhal2, Michael R Whitehouse3,4

  • 1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, UK.

Bone & Joint Open
|May 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Revision Hip Complexity Classification (RHCC) was developed to standardize discussions of complex hip revision cases. This tool enhances multidisciplinary team communication and patient management by providing a reproducible method for assessing surgical complexity.

Keywords:
AnesthesiologistsBone lossDelphi methodologyDelphi processDislocationHipInfectionPeriprosthetic fractureRevision Hip Complexity ClassificationRevision total hip arthroplastyacetabulumbone lossdebridement, antibiotics, and implant retentionfemurmedical comorbiditiesperiprosthetic fracturesrevision hip surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Surgical Complexity Classification
  • Hip Revision Arthroplasty

Background:

  • Complex hip revision cases require standardized assessment for effective multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions.
  • Existing classification systems may not fully capture the nuances of surgical complexity and patient comorbidities in hip revisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a structured Revision Hip Complexity Classification (RHCC) using a modified Delphi process.
  • To create a tool to aid MDT discussions for complex hip revision cases within local or regional networks.

Main Methods:

  • A modified Delphi process involving 35 experts from the British Hip Society.
  • Three rounds of questionnaires and a virtual meeting were conducted to identify, weight, and group complexity factors.
  • Incorporated existing classification systems (Paprosky, Unified Classification System, ASA) into the RHCC framework.

Main Results:

  • Achieved strong consensus on 32 out of 36 identified factors.
  • The RHCC demonstrated good intraobserver (Kappa 0.88-0.92) and interobserver (Kappa 0.77-0.85) reliability.
  • Incorporated American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade III/IV patients with an asterisk qualifier.

Conclusions:

  • The RHCC provides a comprehensive and reproducible framework for discussing complex hip revision cases.
  • Adoption of the RHCC can improve the description of surgical complexity and influence patient management decisions.
  • Facilitates standardized communication within hip revision multidisciplinary teams.