Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

Muscles of the Eye

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Marcus Gunn jaw winking associated with Duane's retraction syndrome.

Strabismus·2025

Same author

Reply.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·2025

Same author

Functional muscle insertional changes and strabismus after scleral buckling.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·2025

Same author

New Insights on the Genetic Basis Underlying SHILCA Syndrome: Characterization of the <i>NMNAT1</i> Pathological Alterations Due to Compound Heterozygous Mutations and Identification of a Novel Alternative Isoform.

International journal of molecular sciences·2021

Same author

Near-infrared transmitting occlusive intraocular lens implantation for intractable diplopia: Report of two cases.

European journal of ophthalmology·2020

Same author

Frontalis Muscle Flap Versus Maximal Anterior Levator Resection as First Option for Patients With Severe Congenital Ptosis.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Published on: June 2, 2018

Pseudonystagmus in trochlear nerve palsy.

Ana Wert¹, Maria Camila Ortiz-Usuga¹, Charlotte Wolley-Dod¹

¹Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Department, Institute of Ocular Microsurgery (IMO), Barcelona, Spain, IMO foundation.

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

|May 13, 2022

Summary

This case report details a patient with intermittent double vision and left hypertropia, initially diagnosed as superior oblique palsy. The condition resolved after strabismus surgery, highlighting a rare eye movement disorder.

More Related Videos

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Published on: March 13, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Published on: June 2, 2018

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Published on: March 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuro-ophthalmology
Strabismus

Background:

Superior oblique palsy can cause vertical strabismus and diplopia.
Rhythmic alternating fixation is a rare, poorly understood phenomenon.

Observation:

A patient presented with intermittent diplopia and left hypertropia.
Cover testing revealed conjugate rhythmic vertical eye movements in all gazes.
These movements were initially suspected to be rapid rhythmically alternating fixation.

Findings:

The observed conjugate rhythmic vertical eye movements are a key diagnostic feature.
The condition was associated with an apparent left superior oblique palsy.
Surgical intervention for strabismus led to the resolution of the rhythmic eye movements.

Implications:

This case expands the understanding of rare ocular motility disorders.
It suggests a potential link between strabismus and rhythmic alternating fixation.
Successful surgical management offers therapeutic insights for similar presentations.