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Irritable bowel syndrome: classification and pathogenesis.

T P Almy, R I Rothstein

    Annual Review of Medicine
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gut motility disorder influenced by emotional tension. While its exact causes remain unclear, psychological factors and learned behaviors play a role in IBS patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Psychosomatic Medicine

    Background:

    • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent chronic disorder affecting gut motility.
    • It impacts approximately 15% of the population in developed nations.
    • Symptoms are linked to physiological changes associated with emotional tension.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the underlying mechanisms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
    • To investigate the relationship between emotional tension and IBS symptoms.
    • To identify potential differentiating factors in IBS patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current knowledge on neurohumoral control of gut motility.
    • Analysis of clinical features and patient behaviors in IBS.
    • Comparison of IBS patients with non-patients regarding life changes and illness behavior.

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    Main Results:

    • No pathognomonic features for IBS have been identified despite advances in understanding gut motility.
    • Emotional tension is a principal driver of both intestinal and extraintestinal IBS symptoms.
    • IBS patients often exhibit psychoneurotic traits and differ in learned illness behavior and experience of severe life changes.

    Conclusions:

    • The pathophysiology of IBS is complex, involving interplay between physiological and psychological factors.
    • Learned illness behaviors and significant life changes may contribute to the manifestation and severity of IBS.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate specific diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for IBS.