Right ventricular hematoma: A rare but potentially fatal complication of percutaneous coronary artery intervention

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology
• Cardiac Surgery

Background:

• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common procedure for treating coronary artery disease.
• Coronary artery perforation is a rare but serious complication of PCI.
• Right ventricular hematoma is an even rarer consequence of coronary artery perforation.

Observation:

• This study presents three cases of subepicardial right ventricular hematoma following complex right coronary artery PCI.
• The cases involved different patient outcomes, highlighting the varied clinical course of this complication.
• Two patients were successfully treated with medication alone, while one required medication and pericardial drainage.

Findings:

• Right ventricular hematoma after complex PCI is a rare complication.
• Successful management can be achieved with medication alone in some cases.
• Pericardial drainage may be necessary in severe cases, but does not guarantee a favorable outcome.

Implications:

• Increased awareness of right ventricular hematoma as a potential complication of complex PCI is necessary.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
• Further research is warranted to understand the risk factors and optimize management of this rare complication.