Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Non-Verbal Cues01:29

Non-Verbal Cues

8
Non-verbal communication extends beyond gestures and facial expressions to include vocal elements known as paralanguage. Paralanguage consists of non-verbal vocal cues such as pitch, loudness, speech rate, pauses, and non-verbal vocalizations like laughter, sighs, and moans. These elements not only accompany speech but also provide critical emotional and contextual information.The Role of Paralanguage in CommunicationParalanguage adds depth to spoken language by conveying emotions and...
8
Encoding01:19

Encoding

263
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
263
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

1.0K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
1.0K
Impact of Schemas01:30

Impact of Schemas

7
Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
7
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

307
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
307
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

1.1K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Testing the relationship between preferences for infant-directed speech and vocabulary development: A multi-lab study.

Journal of child language·2024
Same author

Caregiver sensitivity supported young children's vocabulary development during the Covid-19 UK lockdowns.

Journal of child language·2023
Same author

A lingering question addressed: Reading rate and most efficient listening rate are highly similar.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2021
Same author

(Mis) understanding your native language: Regional accent impedes processing of information status.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2020
Same author

Disambiguating the ambiguity disadvantage effect: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for semantic competition.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2020
Same author

When processing costs impact predictive processing: The case of foreign-accented speech and accent experience.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2020
Same journal

Cognitive Individual Differences in Multilingualism: Language Aptitude and Working Memory in L3 Learners.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Grasp Motor Representations Facilitate Conceptual Preparation in Speech Production.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

The Lexical Tone Partially Depends on Segments: Evidence from Visual-World Eye Tracking.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Unearthing Perfectionism and L2 Speaking Performance among Iranian EFL Learners: The Moderating Role of Cultural Collectivism.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Child Bilingual Acquisition of Spanish Dative (Non-)clitic Doubling Structures: A Case Study Approach to Home and Community Input Conditions.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same journal

Using Eye Tracking to Examine Effects of Overt Localization on Referential Processing in German Sign Language Sentence Processing.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.5K

Speaker-Specific Cues Influence Semantic Disambiguation.

Catherine Davies1, Vincent Porretta2, Kremena Koleva3

  • 1School of Languages, Cultures, and Societies, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK. c.n.davies@leeds.ac.uk.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|May 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Listeners use speaker style to understand word meanings. A nonliteral speaker style led to a delayed preference for literal meanings, showing speaker style influences semantic processing.

Keywords:
PolysemySemantic ambiguitySpeaker specificitySpoken word recognitionVisual world eye tracking

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.7K
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.5K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.7K
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Speaker specificity influences language processing in areas like word recognition and pragmatics.
  • The impact of speaker style on semantic disambiguation, particularly for polysemous words, is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how a speaker's literal versus nonliteral style affects the disambiguation of polysemous words.
  • To examine the role of speaker-specific cues in semantic processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an exposure-test design combined with visual world eye tracking.
  • Examined the processing of polysemous words (e.g., 'fork', 'head', 'mouse') presented by speakers with distinct literal or nonliteral styles.

Main Results:

  • Eye movement data indicated a late-stage preference for the literal meaning when a nonliteral speaker was perceived.
  • This suggests processing indeterminacy and the influence of meaning dominance cues.
  • Ultimately, 90% of participants resolved to the literal meaning.

Conclusions:

  • Listeners consider multiple word senses during early processing stages.
  • Speaker style acts as a crucial contextual factor in semantic disambiguation.
  • This research highlights the dynamic interplay between speaker characteristics and word meaning interpretation.