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Screening for colorectal cancer.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Colorectal cancer screening shows promise for secondary prevention due to its long development time. However, conclusive evidence that current screening methods reduce mortality is still pending further research.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Preventive Medicine
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a significant public health challenge.
- CRC develops over time from precancerous adenomas, suggesting a window for intervention.
- Secondary prevention strategies are being explored for CRC management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the natural history of colorectal cancer.
- To examine established risk factors associated with CRC development.
- To evaluate current screening trials and treatment modalities for CRC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of colorectal cancer natural history.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on CRC risk factors.
- Critical appraisal of colorectal cancer screening trials and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Colorectal cancer has a long preclinical phase, originating from adenomas.
- Various screening methods exist for early detection of CRC.
- Evidence demonstrating reduced CRC mortality from screening is currently limited, with ongoing studies.
Conclusions:
- Colorectal cancer is a viable target for secondary prevention.
- Further robust studies are required to confirm the mortality benefits of existing screening methods.
- Comprehensive understanding of CRC natural history, risk, screening, and treatment is crucial.