Nanosafety research in Europe - Towards a focus on nano-enabled products

In the nanosafety projects funded by the European Commission a large amount of data has been generated on hazard and exposure for a variety of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and nano-enabled products (NEPs). However, not all the data generated has been published, nor has all the data been stored in an organised manner (e. g. database) which makes it very difficult for researchers, industry and other stakeholders to use it. This paper provides an inventory of NEPs studied in each of these projects, including relevant information on the NEPs, the life-cycle stages evaluated for each of them and an overview of the projects, which can be used for identifying areas in which there might be data gaps. The purpose of analyzing the nanosafety research done on NEPs was to provide an overview of the products studied compare to what can realistically be found in the market (i.e. the exposure relevant materials that workers, consumers and the environment may be exposed to). The analysis done in all the projects included in the inventory allowed the identification of the need to increase the number of studies with well-established commercialized NEPs, such as ENMs used in tyres or sunscreens. In addition, it was found that, in general, there was a correlation of the different ENMs studied with their respective production relevance (i.e. production volumes), except for silver, which was vastly over-represented, and on the other hand carbon black, which was under-represented. Addittionally, there is a need to improve accessibility to relevant and high quality data produced in all these projects to provide transparency and support to different stakeholder needs.