Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 23, 2025
06:59
A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
Published on: November 9, 2016
30.6K
Difficult intravenous access in a paediatric intensive care unit.
M de la Vieja-Soriano1, M Blanco-Daza1, S Macip-Belmonte1
1Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Enfermeria Intensiva
|May 13, 2022
Summary
Difficult venous access (DVA) in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) leads to low first-attempt success rates for peripheral venous catheter (PVC) and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement, increasing complications and resource use.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Intensive Care
- Vascular Access Procedures
- Nursing Research
Background:
- Multiple attempts at peripheral cannulation in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) can significantly impact patients, families, and healthcare professionals.
- Understanding the prevalence and challenges of peripheral venous catheter (PVC) and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) cannulation is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe peripheral venous catheter (PVC) and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) cannulation in children within a PICU.
- To determine the first-attempt success rate for cannulation.
- To quantify patients with difficult venous access (DVA) and explore associated factors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted.
- Consecutive sampling recruited 163 pediatric patients (0-18 years) requiring peripheral venous cannulation.
- An ad hoc questionnaire assessed DVA and related variables.
Main Results:
- 38.7% of cannulations were successful on the first attempt, and 36.8% of patients had DVA.
- Patients with DVA experienced higher complication rates (85%) and required more nursing time and personnel.
- DVA was significantly associated with younger age, lower weight, poor perfusion, non-palpable veins, and a history of difficult access.
Conclusions:
- A low first-attempt success rate and a high proportion of DVA were observed in the PICU.
- DVA is linked to increased complications, longer procedure times, and greater nursing resource utilization.
- Factors such as age, weight, perfusion, vein characteristics, and prior access history predict DVA.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition
331
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
331
01:16Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
610
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
One of the advantages of...
610
01:25Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral
2.2K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
2.2K
01:24Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications
151
DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
151
01:29Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management
45
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
45
01:29Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
925
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
925