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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

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Published on: November 11, 2013

High-ICE and High-Capacity Retention Silicon-Based Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery.

Yonhua Tzeng¹, Cheng-Ying Jhan¹, Yi-Chen Wu¹

¹Institute of Microelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 14, 2022

Summary

Researchers developed a novel silicon anode for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries. This anode demonstrates high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and excellent capacity retention after 200 cycles, overcoming silicon

Keywords:

Ketjen black LIB Super P anode initial coulombic efficiency pyrolysis retention silicon

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Silicon anodes offer higher capacity than graphite for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
Key challenges include large volume changes during cycling, leading to stress and capacity fade.
Irreversible lithium consumption during initial cycling and solid-electrolyte-phase (SEI) formation reduce initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and cycle life.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a high-performance silicon-based anode for LIBs.
To improve ICE and long-term cycling stability.
To mitigate issues related to silicon volume expansion and SEI formation.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of silicon anodes using silicon flakes, Super P additive, and CMC/SBR binders on copper foil.
Pyrolysis of the fabricated anodes at 700 °C in argon to create a protective porous graphitic carbon structure.
Evaluation of electrochemical performance, including ICE and capacity retention over 200 cycles at 1 A/g.

Main Results:

Achieved 88.8% ICE and retained 2 mAh/cm² areal capacity after 200 cycles.
Pyrolyzed binders formed a mechanically robust and conductive graphitic carbon matrix encapsulating silicon flakes.
Super P additive demonstrated superior performance compared to KB due to a smaller effective surface area, reducing SEI formation.

Conclusions:

The developed one-step fabrication process yields a high-capacity silicon anode with excellent ICE and cycling stability.
The porous graphitic carbon structure effectively protects silicon from electrolyte reactions and accommodates volume changes.
Optimized conductivity additives are crucial for enhancing both initial efficiency and long-term performance of silicon anodes.