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Related Concept Videos

Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

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Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
198
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

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Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
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Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

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Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
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Lipid Digestion01:06

Lipid Digestion

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Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.
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Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

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Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...
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Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

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Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
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Correction: Adeluola et al. Chemoprevention of 4-NQO-Induced Oral Cancer by the Combination of Resveratrol and EGCG: In Vivo, In Silico and In Vitro Studies. <i>Cancers</i> 2026, <i>18</i>, 1098.

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Correction: Peñalver et al. Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Patients with Follicular Lymphoma-Spanish Lymphoma Group (GELTAMO) 2026. <i>Cancers</i> 2026, <i>18</i>, 395.

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Correction: Accorsi Buttini et al. Development of a Simplified Geriatric Score-4 (SGS-4) to Predict Outcomes After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients Aged over 50. <i>Cancers</i> 2025, <i>17</i>, 3278.

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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Measuring the Rate of Lipolysis in Ex Vivo Murine Adipose Tissue and Primary Preadipocytes Differentiated In Vitro
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BRAF Modulates Lipid Use and Accumulation.

Jacqueline A Turner1,2,3, Emily L Paton1, Robert Van Gulick1

  • 1Division of Medical Oncology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Cancers
|May 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The BRAF V600E mutation alters cell metabolism, increasing specific lipids and promoting cancer cell features. These metabolic changes in BRAF V600E patients may predict response to targeted therapies.

Keywords:
BRAFlipidsmelanomapolyunsaturated

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Oxidative metabolism and fatty acids are implicated in BRAF-driven cancers.
  • The precise impact of BRAF mutation on cellular metabolism remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how BRAF mutation and expression influence metabolite levels.
  • To understand the metabolic rewiring associated with BRAF V600E expression.

Main Methods:

  • Overexpression of BRAF V600E and wild-type (WT) BRAF in NIH3T3 cells.
  • Metabolite profiling and transcriptional analysis.
  • Analysis of plasma samples from melanoma patients with BRAF V600E mutation.

Main Results:

  • BRAF V600E expression led to enrichment of immunomodulatory lipids and a unique transcriptional signature.
  • The BRAF V600E mutation promoted accumulation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and non-Warburg metabolic behavior.
  • BRAF V600E induced tunneling nanotube-like protrusions enriched with lipid droplets.
  • Elevated levels of lysophosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin, and long chain fatty acids were observed in non-responding melanoma patients.

Conclusions:

  • BRAF V600 status significantly regulates immunomodulatory lipid profiles and lipid trafficking.
  • These findings suggest potential therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism in BRAF-mutated cancers.