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Carbohydrate interference of complement-dependent cell lysis.

J J Killion

    Experientia
    |March 15, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Certain sugars like glucosamine and lactose can block antibody-mediated cytotoxicity by interfering with the complement cascade. This inhibition is specific and can be overcome by increasing complement levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity is crucial in immune responses.
    • The complement system plays a key role in antibody effector functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of specific sugars on antibody-mediated cytotoxicity.
    • To elucidate the mechanism by which these sugars inhibit the complement cascade.

    Main Methods:

    • Cytotoxicity assays were performed using autoreactive, allogeneic, and xenogeneic sera.
    • The effects of glucosamine, galactosamine, lactulose, and lactose were assessed.
    • Inhibition was tested against varying concentrations of complement and antibody.
    • Specificity was determined using sugar isomers and N-acetylated derivatives.

    Main Results:

    • Glucosamine, galactosamine, lactulose, and lactose abrogated antibody-mediated cytotoxicity.
    • Inhibition was dose-dependent on complement concentration but not antibody concentration.
    • The inhibitory effect was specific to these particular sugars, with isomers and derivatives showing no inhibition.

    Conclusions:

    • These specific sugars directly interfere with the complement cascade.
    • The findings suggest a targeted approach to modulate complement-dependent immune reactions.

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