Effect of Calcifediol on Physical Performance and Muscle Strength Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Nutritional Science
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Optimal vitamin D status is crucial for bone, muscle, and overall health, especially in older adults.
• Vitamin D deficiency is linked to sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle loss.
• Calcifediol (25(OH)D) has shown greater potency than cholecalciferol in raising plasma 25(OH)D levels.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of calcifediol supplementation on physical performance and muscle strength.
• To evaluate calcifediol's efficacy in improving parameters related to sarcopenia.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted.
• Searched databases from inception to January 1, 2022, for studies on calcifediol's effects on physical performance or muscle strength.
• Analyzed data using standardized mean differences (SMD) with random-effect models.

Main Results:

• Seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis.
• Calcifediol significantly improved gait speed (SMD = 2.500), handgrip strength (SMD = 0.532), and leg extension strength (SMD = 0.641) compared to baseline values.
• Improvements in muscle strength parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

• Calcifediol supplementation demonstrates a positive effect on muscle strength parameters in older adults.
• While evidence for physical performance is less robust, calcifediol's impact on muscle health is significant.
• These findings highlight the importance of vitamin D, specifically calcifediol, for both bone metabolism and muscle function, potentially aiding in sarcopenia management.