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Increased Risk to Develop Hypertension and Carotid Plaques in Patients with Long-Lasting Helicobacter pylori
Maria Pina Dore1,2, Pier Sergio Saba3, Giulia Tomassini1
1Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Insights
Long-lasting Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to increased hypertension risk and carotid plaques. This study analyzed patient records to confirm H. pylori as an independent risk factor for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori infection is a common global pathogen.
- Previous studies show conflicting associations between H. pylori and hypertension.
- The link between H. pylori and cardiovascular conditions like carotid lesions requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the relationship between H. pylori infection and hypertension.
- To investigate the association between H. pylori infection and atherosclerotic carotid lesions.
- To determine if long-lasting H. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 7152 patient records undergoing upper endoscopy and gastric biopsy.
- Data collected included H. pylori status (current/past/long-lasting), hypertension, carotid lesions, BMI, smoking, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
- Multivariable regression models were used to adjust for confounders.
Main Results:
- Long-lasting H. pylori infection was significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR 1.17).
- Long-lasting H. pylori infection was an independent risk factor for carotid plaques (OR 2.15).
- These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
Conclusions:
- Long-lasting H. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for hypertension.
- Long-lasting H. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for the presence of carotid lesions.
- Further prospective studies are recommended to validate these findings.
Abstract:
Helicobacter pylori infection has been reported to be positively associated with hypertension, although with conflicting results. In this study, the relationship between H. pylori infection and hypertension, as well as atherosclerotic carotid lesions, was analyzed.
Methods:
Clinical records of patients referred to undergo upper endoscopy and gastric biopsy were retrieved. Information regarding the presence of H. pylori infection with atrophy/metaplasia/dysplasia (interpreted as a long-lasting infection), and current or past H. pylori infection was collected, as well as demographic variables, smoking habits, body mass index (BMI), dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, presence of carotid lesions, and current treatment, and analyzed by multivariable regression models.
Results:
A total of 7152 clinical records from patients older than 30 years (63.4% women) were available for the study. Hypertension was present in 2039 (28.5%) patients and the risk was significantly increased in those with long-lasting H. pylori infection after adjusting for age decades, sex, BMI, cigarette smoking, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.35). In addition, the long-lasting H. pylori infection was an independent risk for carotid plaques (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.14-4.09).
Conclusions:
Our retrospective study demonstrated that long-lasting H. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for hypertension and the presence of carotid lesions after adjusting for potential confounders, although further validation our findings is needed from prospective studies.
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