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Increased Complement-Associated Inflammation in Cytomegalovirus-Positive Hypertensive Anterior Uveitis Patients Based

Jin A Choi1, Hyun-Hee Ju1, Jiyoung Lee2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon 16247, Korea.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) positive hypertensive anterior uveitis involves increased inflammation and immune responses in the eye's aqueous humor. This suggests a link between CMV infection and elevated intraocular pressure, potentially leading to glaucoma.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Herpetic anterior uveitis frequently causes ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) positive hypertensive anterior uveitis shows high recurrence rates and uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP), increasing the need for glaucoma surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate proteomic changes in aqueous humor (AH) of patients with CMV-positive hypertensive anterior uveitis (CMV-HAU).
  • To understand the pathogenesis of ocular hypertension in CMV-HAU patients.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze aqueous humor proteomes.
  • Comparison between CMV-HAU patients (n=10) and control cataract patients (n=10).
  • Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and network analyses were performed on identified proteins.

Main Results:

  • A total of 562 proteins were identified in the aqueous humor.
  • Fifty proteins were significantly elevated and fifteen were decreased (≥2 fold) in CMV-HAU patients compared to controls.
  • Elevated proteins were enriched in pathways including complement activation, humoral immune response, proteolysis, and platelet degranulation.
  • Increased levels of inflammatory marker GDF-15 and decreased levels of anti-TGF-β protein vasorin were observed in CMV-HAU patients.
  • CMV-infected trabecular meshwork cells showed increased inflammatory marker expression.

Conclusions:

  • CMV-HAU associated ocular hypertension is characterized by increased complement factor-associated inflammation.
  • Humoral immunity plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of CMV-HAU.
  • These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ocular hypertension in CMV-HAU.

Keywords:
cytomegalovirusglaucomahypertensive anterior uveitisinflammationintraocular pressureuveitic glaucoma

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