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There Is a Differential Pattern in the Fatty Acid Profile in Children with CD Compared to Children with UC
Justyna Kikut1, Arleta Drozd1, Małgorzata Mokrzycka2
1Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
Insights
Fatty acid profiles differ between Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). These differences in fatty acid (FA) levels may influence the progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Metabolomics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are associated with metabolic alterations.
- Abnormalities in fatty acid (FA) profiles are increasingly recognized as a consequence of IBD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare FA concentrations between CD and UC.
- To identify differences in FA profiles between active disease and remission phases for both CD and UC.
Main Methods:
- Study included 63 adolescent patients: 33 with CD and 30 with UC.
- Fatty acid analysis was conducted using gas chromatography.
Main Results:
- Higher vaccenic acid levels were observed in the UC group compared to the CD group.
- In CD, palmitic acid was higher in remission, while linoleic acid was higher in active disease.
- UC patients showed higher lauric acid and gamma-linoleic acid levels during active disease compared to remission.
Conclusions:
- Distinct FA profiles exist between CD and UC.
- Observed FA differences may play a role in the disease course of IBD.
Background:
Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are classified as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Currently, an increasing number of studies indicate that the metabolic consequences of IBD may include abnormalities in the fatty acid profile. The aim of this study was to compare fatty acid concentrations in IBD in order to identify differences between CD and UC and differences between the phases of both diseases.
Methods:
Sixty-three adolescent patients with CD (n = 33) and UC (n = 30) aged 13.66 ± 2.67 and 14.15 ± 3.31, respectively, were enrolled in the study. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography.
Results:
A statistically significant higher concentration of vaccenic acid was observed in the total UC group relative to total CD. In remission CD relative to active CD, a significantly higher concentration of palmitic acid was shown. Whereas in active CD, significantly higher levels of linoleic acid were observed relative to remission. The UC group had significantly higher lauric acid and gamma-linoleic acid levels in active disease relative to remission.
Conclusions:
The identified differences between FA levels in UC and CD could potentially be involved in the course of both diseases.
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