Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Analysis of Congenital Heart Defects in Mouse Embryos Using Qualitative and Quantitative Histological Methods
08:28

Analysis of Congenital Heart Defects in Mouse Embryos Using Qualitative and Quantitative Histological Methods

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.0K

Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease

Hiroyuki Yamagishi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Congenital heart diseases (CHD) arise from errors in cardiovascular development, affecting body patterning and outflow tract formation. Understanding these intricate developmental steps is key to identifying CHD causes.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital heart diseases (CHD) stem from abnormal cardiovascular system development.
  • Left-right body patterning involves nodal flow and left-side gene expression.
  • Outflow tract septation relies on neural crest cells and second heart field precursors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the developmental origins of congenital heart diseases.
  • To connect specific developmental defects to distinct types of CHD.
  • To highlight the etiological significance of early embryonic patterning and cardiac morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular pathways governing embryonic left-right asymmetry.
  • Analysis of neural crest cell migration and differentiation in cardiac development.
  • Examination of signaling interactions between cardiac precursor cell populations.

Main Results:

  • Disruptions in nodal flow or left-side gene expression can lead to heterotaxy syndrome.
  • Impaired neural crest cell contribution to the outflow tract septum causes septation defects.
  • Essential reciprocal signaling between neural crest and second heart field cells is critical for outflow tract formation.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the precise steps of cardiovascular development is crucial for CHD etiology.
  • Specific defects in embryonic patterning and outflow tract septation correlate with particular CHD types.
  • Further research into these developmental processes can inform CHD diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
Fontanheterotaxyleft–right axisneural crestoutflow tractsecond heart field

More Related Videos

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System07:34

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System

Published on: May 5, 2018

11.8K
A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse08:19

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

Published on: December 16, 2022

2.0K

Related Concept Videos

Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
1.3K
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
80
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
71
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
204
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
827
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
36