Patients with Thyroid Disorder, a Contraindication for Dental Implants? A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• The thyroid gland regulates metabolism via thyroid hormones like triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
• Thyroid disorders can impact systemic health and potentially influence surgical outcomes.
• Dental implant rehabilitation is a common procedure requiring assessment of patient-specific risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically evaluate the survival rates of dental implants in patients with thyroid disorders compared to those without.
• To answer the PICO question: Can patients with thyroid disorders undergo dental implant rehabilitation with the same survival rate as patients without thyroid disorders?

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
• Searches were performed in PubMed and Cochrane databases, identifying 22 articles.
• Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria for analysis, with no additional papers found through manual reference checking.

Main Results:

• The review found that patients with thyroid disorders can achieve similar dental implant survival rates compared to patients without thyroid disorders.
• Evidence suggests that thyroid conditions do not significantly compromise the success of dental implant rehabilitation.
• The SORT criteria established a Level B evidence for this conclusion.

Conclusions:

• Dental implant rehabilitation is a viable option for patients with thyroid disorders, demonstrating comparable survival rates to the general population.
• Further high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to strengthen the evidence base.
• This finding supports the integration of thyroid disorder management with advanced dental restorative procedures.