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Asian Race and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Where Do We Stand?
Aditya Belamkar1, Alon Harris2, Francesco Oddone3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 14, 2022
Summary
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) disproportionately affects Asian populations, with distinct structural and genetic factors influencing disease progression. Further research is crucial for effective treatment of normal-tension glaucoma in aging Asian demographics.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Genetics
Background:
- Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss globally.
- POAG prevalence is projected to increase significantly, particularly in aging Asian populations.
- Angle-closure glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma show higher prevalence in Asian individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the unique characteristics of POAG in Asian populations.
- To understand the structural, genetic, and pathogenic differences in Asian POAG.
- To highlight the need for tailored research and treatment strategies for Asian patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological data on POAG prevalence and risk factors.
- Analysis of structural differences in the optic nerve head, retina, and cornea in Asian populations.
- Examination of intraocular pressure (IOP) patterns and genetic associations.
Main Results:
- Asian populations exhibit distinct structural characteristics relevant to glaucoma progression.
- A significant inverse relationship between age and IOP was observed exclusively in Asian populations.
- While genetic factors are implicated, clear patterns remain to be established.
Conclusions:
- POAG pathogenesis and progression exhibit ethnic-specific variations, notably in Asian individuals.
- Distinct structural and potential genetic factors contribute to POAG in Asians.
- Increased awareness and targeted research are essential for managing the rising incidence of normal-tension glaucoma in aging Asian populations.
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