Infective Endocarditis in Diabetic Patients: A Different Profile with Prognostic Consequences

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection with significant morbidity and mortality.
• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for poor outcomes in various medical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence and prognosis of IE in patients with and without DM.
• To analyze the impact of DM-related organ damage on IE outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of the Spanish IE Registry from 2008 to 2020.
• Inclusion of 5590 IE patients, comparing outcomes between those with and without DM.
• Assessment of DM-related organ damage as a prognostic factor.

Main Results:

• DM prevalence in IE patients increased to over 30% in the latter study period.
• Patients with DM exhibited higher in-hospital (32.1% vs. 23.3%) and one-year mortality (39.4% vs. 28.5%) compared to non-DM patients.
• DM-related organ damage was independently associated with increased in-hospital (OR=1.37) and one-year mortality (OR=1.59) in IE patients.

Conclusions:

• The rising prevalence of DM in IE necessitates attention to this comorbidity.
• DM is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in IE.
• DM-related organ damage further exacerbates mortality risk in IE patients, highlighting the need for targeted management.