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pH- and Thermo-Responsive Water-Soluble Smart Polyion Complex (PIC) Vesicle with Polyampholyte Shells.

Thu Thao Pham¹, Tien Duc Pham², Shin-Ichi Yusa¹

¹Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280, Hyogo, Japan.

|May 14, 2022

Summary

Researchers developed pH- and thermo-responsive polyion complex (PIC) vesicles using amphoteric and cationic polymers. These smart vesicles can encapsulate and release hydrophilic molecules, showing potential for drug delivery applications.

Keywords:

UCST behavior electrostatic interaction oppositely charged polyelectrolyte pH-responsive polyampholyte polyion complex

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Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Developing smart materials for controlled substance delivery is crucial.
Polyion complex (PIC) vesicles offer tunable properties for various applications.
Responsive polymers are key components in advanced drug delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize novel pH- and thermo-responsive PIC vesicles.
To investigate the formation, stability, and responsiveness of these PIC vesicles.
To evaluate the potential of these PIC vesicles as a smart drug delivery system.

Main Methods:

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization for diblock copolymer synthesis.
Polyion complex formation via electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged polymers.
Characterization using 1H NMR, static and dynamic light scattering, and percent transmittance measurements.

Main Results:

PIC vesicles were successfully formed from amphoteric (P(VS)17) and cationic (PAPTAC50) blocks with poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc49).
The PIC vesicles exhibited pH-responsiveness, collapsing in acidic conditions, and thermo-responsiveness (UCST behavior) due to the P(VS)17 shells.
Maximum vesicle size and light scattering intensity were observed at equal polymer charge ratios.
Hydrophilic molecules could be encapsulated in basic conditions and released in acidic media.

Conclusions:

The synthesized PIC vesicles demonstrate tunable pH and temperature-responsive properties.
The amphoteric shell and ionic membrane contribute to the observed responsiveness and UCST behavior.
These PIC vesicles show promise as a smart drug delivery platform for controlled release applications.