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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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Microparticles in diabetic kidney disease.

Sushma Thimmaiah Kanakalakshmi1, Shilna Muttickal Swaminathan2, Pooja Basthi Mohan3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|May 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Novel biomarkers called microparticles (MPs) show promise for early detection and prognosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). These tiny vesicles may offer a better diagnostic tool than current methods for managing kidney disease in diabetes patients.

Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseDiabetic Kidney diseaseGlomerular filtration rateMicroparticlesProteinuria

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of renal failure and a significant socioeconomic burden.
  • Current diagnostic markers like albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate have limitations for early detection and grading of DKD.
  • DKD pathogenesis involves nephron structures, leading to proteinuria, hypertension, and declining renal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of microparticles (MPs) as novel biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
  • To explore the role of MPs in the early diagnosis and prognostication of DKD.
  • To discuss the basic characteristics of MPs and their involvement in DKD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microparticles (MPs) in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Investigation of plasma and urinary MP alterations in DKD.
  • Analysis of MP number and composition changes in relation to DKD progression.

Main Results:

  • Microparticles (MPs), extracellular vesicles shed during cell activation/apoptosis, are implicated in cell-to-cell communication.
  • Alterations in the number and composition of plasma and urinary MPs are observed in diabetic patients.
  • Preliminary research suggests MPs are promising for early DKD diagnosis and prognostication.

Conclusions:

  • Microparticle assays show potential as novel biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
  • MPs may overcome the limitations of current markers, enabling targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.
  • Further research into microparticles is warranted for effective DKD management.