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Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
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Sex Differences in Characteristics, Treatments, and In-hospital Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography

Shi-Qun Chen1,2, Jin Liu1,2, Yang Zhou1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|May 16, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Women undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China face higher risks of in-hospital mortality and major bleeding compared to men, despite similar treatments. This study highlights significant sex-based disparities in cardiovascular procedure outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Sex differences in outcomes after coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are debated.
  • A large Chinese cohort study was conducted to investigate these potential differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the characteristics, treatments, and in-hospital outcomes between women and men undergoing CAG and PCI.
  • To identify sex-specific risks associated with these procedures in a Chinese population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a multi-center registry cohort (Cardiorenal ImprovemeNt II) from 2007-2020, including 141,459 patients undergoing CAG and 69,345 undergoing PCI.
  • Comparison of clinical characteristics, discharge medications, PCI rates, in-hospital mortality, and major bleeding between women and men.

Main Results:

  • Women were older, had more comorbidities, and a lower PCI rate for stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Despite similar discharge medications, women undergoing PCI had a mildly lower unadjusted rate of major bleeding but higher in-hospital mortality.
  • Adjusted analysis revealed women had a significantly higher risk of major bleeding (aOR 2.04) and in-hospital mortality (aOR 1.87).

Conclusions:

  • In this Chinese cohort, women undergoing PCI were older with more comorbidities and received less revascularization.
  • Women experienced significantly higher in-hospital mortality and major bleeding risks post-PCI compared to men.
  • The findings underscore important sex-based differences in cardiovascular intervention outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
coronary angiographycoronary artery diseaseoutcomepercutaneous coronary interventionsex differences

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