Role of 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane in Dentin Bonding

In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) on dentin collagen and the impact of MPS and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) together and separately on resin-dentin bonding. Eight groups of primers were prepared: control group, MDP, MPS5, MPS5 + MDP, MPS10, MPS10 + MDP, MPS15, and MPS15 + MDP. The potential interaction between MPS and collagen was assessed by molecular dynamics, contact angle measurement, zeta potential measurement, and chemoanalytic characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage were evaluated after 24 h or 12 months of water storage. In situ zymography was used to evaluate the enzyme activity at the bonded interface. According to chemoanalytic characterization and molecular dynamics, a weak interaction between MPS and collagen was observed. MPS enhanced the hydrophobicity and negative charge of the collagen surface (P < 0.05). Applying an MDP-containing primer increased μTBS (P > 0.05) and reduced fluorescence after 24 h of water storage. Water storage for 12 months decreased μTBS (P < 0.05) and increased nanoleakage for all groups. MPS conditioning did not change μTBS and nanoleakage after 24 h of water storage or aging. The MPS10 + MDP and MPS15 + MDP groups presented more silver nitrate and μTBS decrease than the MDP group (P < 0.05). These results indicated that MPS had a weak interaction with collagen that enhanced its surface negative charge and hydrophobicity without adversely affecting dentin bonding. However, compared to MDP alone, mixing MDP with MPS impaired their effectiveness and made the dentin bonding unstable.