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Incidence and risk factors for sternal osteomyelitis after median sternotomy

Yoon Ki Cha1, Min Suk Choi2, So Hyeon Bak3

  • 1Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|May 16, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sternal osteomyelitis (OM) is a rare complication after median sternotomy. This study found a 0.47% incidence, with no identified risk factors correlating with its development.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiothoracic surgery
  • Infectious diseases
  • Surgical outcomes

Background:

  • Sternal osteomyelitis (OM) is the rarest form of deep sternal wound infections (DSWIs).
  • Median sternotomy is a common surgical approach for cardiothoracic procedures.
  • Understanding the incidence and risk factors for sternal OM is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence of sternal OM after median sternotomy.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with sternal OM development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 3,410 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery via median sternotomy (2005-2019).
  • Comparison of sternal OM patients with a control group without wound infections.
  • Statistical analysis using Student's t-test, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of sternal OM was 0.47% (16 patients).
  • No significant differences were observed in variables like BMI, diabetes, hypertension, LV function, transfusion, operation time, CPB time, or ICU/ventilator days between groups.
  • Univariate analysis did not reveal any associated risk factors for sternal OM.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of sternal OM after median sternotomy in this cohort was 0.47%.
  • This study found no correlation between known deep sternal wound infection risk factors and sternal OM.
Keywords:
Sternal osteomyelitis (sternal OM)deep sternal wound infection (DSWI)median sternotomywound infection

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