Gemella Haemolysans Infective Endocarditis in a Patient With Febrile Neutropenia

Gemella haemolysans (G. haemolysans) is a rare cause of native valve infective endocarditis in hospitals and the community. Endocarditis from this species has mostly been reported in patients with congenital or valvular heart disease, recent dental procedures, or underlying gastrointestinal malignancy. We present a case of a 63-year-old male with a history of myelodysplastic syndrome and recent transformation into acute myeloid leukemia with pancytopenia hospitalized to receive induction therapy. While receiving chemotherapy, he developed febrile neutropenia and was found to have bacteremia and evidence of infective endocarditis caused by G. haemolysans. We emphasize the importance of suspicion of G. haemolysans in immune-compromised patients, as well as outlining the guidelines on appropriate antimicrobial therapy.