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Related Concept Videos

The Phragmoplast01:59

The Phragmoplast

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Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
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Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Identifying Compensatory Pathways in Malaria Parasites Containing Hypomorphic Allele of Essential Protein Kinases
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Apicoplast Dynamics During Plasmodium Cell Cycle.

Arwa Elaagip1, Sabrina Absalon2, Anat Florentin3

  • 1Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|May 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum has a unique apicoplast organelle, essential for its survival and a drug target. Its replication dynamics during human red blood cell invasion are complex and synchronized with the cell cycle.

Keywords:
apicoplastcell cyclemalariaorganelle dynamicsplasmodiumschizogony

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Parasitology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum possesses an apicoplast, a vital organelle derived from secondary endosymbiosis.
  • The apicoplast contains its own genome and is crucial for parasite survival, making it a validated antimalarial drug target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dynamics of the apicoplast during Plasmodium falciparum's asexual replication within human red blood cells.
  • To summarize current knowledge and identify open questions regarding apicoplast biogenesis and cell cycle synchronization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Plasmodium falciparum cell biology and apicoplast dynamics.
  • Analysis of morphological changes, DNA replication, and division of the apicoplast during intraerythrocytic stages.

Main Results:

  • The apicoplast undergoes significant morphological changes, including DNA replication and division, tightly synchronized with the parasite cell cycle.
  • Certain apicoplast dynamics exhibit autonomy from nuclear division, indicating complex regulation of organelle biogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding apicoplast dynamics is crucial for developing effective antimalarial therapies targeting this essential organelle.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the synchronized and autonomous aspects of apicoplast development in Plasmodium falciparum.