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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

208
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
243
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

282
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
282
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

9.0K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
9.0K
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

A Cryo-pulverization Protocol for Processing Mouse Paws to Evaluate Molecular Pathways of Tissue Inflammation in a Collagen Induced Arthritis Model
11:03

A Cryo-pulverization Protocol for Processing Mouse Paws to Evaluate Molecular Pathways of Tissue Inflammation in a Collagen Induced Arthritis Model

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Hereditary Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases: Therapeutic Stratification.

Ovgu Kul Cinar1,2, Amber Putland1, Karen Wynne1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|May 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hereditary systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are rare genetic disorders. Advances in molecular genetics have improved understanding of their immunopathogenesis, leading to targeted biologic treatments that enhance patient quality of life.

Keywords:
IL-1 inhibitorsJAK 1/2 inhibitorsgenomicsinnate immunityinterferonopathiesperiodic feversystemic autoinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are rare genetic disorders affecting innate immunity.
  • Recent advances in molecular genetics and next-generation sequencing have identified key mutations in SAIDs.
  • Understanding these mutations illuminates inflammatory pathways, particularly involving IL-1 inflammasome and cytokine signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss common monogenic SAIDs.
  • To describe the immunopathology of these conditions.
  • To summarize management and targeted treatment approaches, including novel data from a pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common monogenic SAIDs.
  • Analysis of molecular genetics and next-generation sequencing data.
  • Presentation of data from a cohort of children with SAIDs.

Main Results:

  • Identification of novel mutations in innate immune response regulators.
  • Elucidation of molecular immunopathogenesis, especially IL-1 inflammasome and cytokine pathways.
  • Demonstration of improved patient outcomes with targeted biologic therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic insights have advanced the understanding of SAIDs.
  • Targeted cytokine therapies effectively manage disease flares and prevent complications.
  • These treatments significantly improve quality of life for patients with rare autoinflammatory diseases.