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An Attentive Blank Stare Under Simulator-induced Spatial Disorientation Events.

Agnieszka Fudali-Czyż1, Rafał Lewkowicz2, Piotr Francuz1

  • 1The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland.

Human Factors
|May 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Spatial disorientation (SD) events impair pilot attention, leading to more flight errors. Simply looking at critical information is insufficient for effective attention during SD, highlighting the need for enhanced pilot training and cockpit design.

Keywords:
change detectioneye movements trackinghuman error analysisperception-actionpilot behaviour

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Area of Science:

  • Aviation psychology
  • Human factors in flight safety
  • Spatial disorientation research

Background:

  • Spatial disorientation (SD) is a primary cause of aviation accidents across military, general, and commercial sectors.
  • Effective countermeasures against SD involve vigilant scanning of cockpit instruments and timely detection of changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of spatial disorientation (SD) events on pilot attention during a dual-task scenario.
  • To determine the extent to which flight tasks and visual discrimination tasks compete for pilot attention under SD conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty male military pilots participated in a flight simulator study.
  • Participants performed a dual task: piloting and visual change detection.
  • Eye movements were recorded using an eye tracker to analyze visual attention patterns.

Main Results:

  • Pilots exhibited increased flight errors and reduced visual attention to areas of change during SD-conflict scenarios compared to non-conflict flights.
  • Vestibular-induced SD-conflict impaired piloting, visual scanning, and the coordination of overt and covert attention.
  • Reduced noticeability of visual changes occurred despite pilots gazing at the relevant areas.

Conclusions:

  • Visual fixation alone does not guarantee effective covert attention or appropriate responses to visual stimuli.
  • Increased pilot awareness of attention limitations during SD is crucial for training.
  • Strategies to mitigate change blindness include reducing secondary task load and enhancing cockpit information salience.