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Exercise, Diet, and Weight Management During Cancer Treatment: ASCO Guideline.
Jennifer A Ligibel1, Kari Bohlke2, Anne M May3
1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
Summary
Regular exercise is recommended during cancer treatment to improve fitness and reduce fatigue. Neutropenic diets are not advised for infection prevention. More research is needed on diet and weight management during cancer therapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Supportive Care
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Active cancer treatment presents challenges for patients regarding physical well-being.
- Guidance on exercise, diet, and weight management is crucial for improving patient outcomes during therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide evidence-based guidance on exercise, diet, and weight management for adults undergoing active cancer treatment.
- To inform oncology providers and patients about effective supportive care strategies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of literature including systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (2000-2021).
- Searched PubMed and Cochrane Library for studies on exercise, diet, and weight management in cancer patients.
- ASCO Expert Panel convened to review evidence and formulate recommendations.
Main Results:
- Exercise during cancer treatment improved cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and reduced fatigue.
- Preoperative exercise in lung cancer patients reduced hospital stay and complications.
- Neutropenic diets showed no benefit in reducing infection risk.
Conclusions:
- Recommend regular aerobic and resistance exercise during active cancer treatment.
- Preoperative exercise may be beneficial for lung cancer surgery patients.
- Neutropenic diets are not recommended; limited evidence exists for other dietary/weight interventions.
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