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What Do We Know about Zero-Emission Vehicle Mandates?

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Zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) sales mandates can drive long-term decarbonization in transportation. This study provides a framework to analyze ZEV mandates

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Policy
  • Transportation Decarbonization
  • Automotive Industry Analysis

Background:

  • Zero-emissions vehicles (ZEVs) are crucial for deep decarbonization of the transport sector.
  • ZEV sales mandates are a key policy for inducing long-term ZEV adoption.
  • Despite their importance, research on ZEV mandate policy impacts remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze ZEV sales mandates as complex policies with long-term impacts on industry, consumers, and institutions.
  • To provide an interdisciplinary framework for evaluating ZEV mandate effectiveness, efficiency, public acceptability, and transformative potential.
  • To identify critical research gaps for understanding the role of ZEV mandates in a comprehensive policy mix.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing evidence on ZEV mandate impacts.
  • Development of an interdisciplinary analytical framework for complex policy assessment.
  • Qualitative analysis of policy effectiveness, efficiency, public acceptability, and transformative potential.

Main Results:

  • Limited empirical evidence exists on the multifaceted impacts of ZEV mandates.
  • ZEV mandates present complex interactions across industry, consumer, and institutional levels.
  • Existing research highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of mandate effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • ZEV mandates require comprehensive analysis as complex, long-term policies.
  • Further interdisciplinary research is essential to optimize ZEV mandate design and implementation.
  • A critical research agenda is proposed to enhance understanding and inform future policy decisions.