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Technical note: A protein analysis-based method for identifying shahtoosh.

Jing Fei1, Minhua Liu1, Sheng Zhang2

  • 1Shanghai Customs, P.R.C. No.1208, Minsheng Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China.

Forensic Science International
|May 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new protein analysis method using MALDI-TOF MS can identify shahtoosh (Tibetan antelope fibre). This technique detects even 5% shahtoosh in mixtures, aiding in combating illegal wildlife trade.

Keywords:
MALDI-TOF MSMaterialQualityShahtooshSpecies identificationTesting

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Wildlife Conservation

Background:

  • Shahtoosh, derived from the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), is a luxury fibre prized for its fineness.
  • Commercial poaching for shahtoosh has led to a severe decline in the Tibetan antelope population.
  • Current identification methods like microscopy and DNA analysis have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, objective method for identifying shahtoosh fibre.
  • To establish a protein-based analysis using MALDI-TOF MS for accurate shahtoosh detection.
  • To provide a tool for combating the illegal trade of shahtoosh products.

Main Methods:

  • Protein extraction from animal fibres using SDS/dithiothreitol (DTT)/phosphate buffer.
  • Separation and purification of target proteins via SDS-PAGE.
  • Enzymatic digestion of proteins with trypsin followed by MALDI-TOF MS analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a species-specific peptide marker at 2606 m/z for shahtoosh.
  • Detection of as little as 5% shahtoosh in fibre mixtures (e.g., with cashmere).
  • Validation of the method's accuracy in qualitative and quantitative analysis of mixed and dyed samples.

Conclusions:

  • MALDI-TOF MS-based protein analysis offers a reliable method for shahtoosh identification.
  • This technique can effectively detect shahtoosh in commercial products, even at low concentrations.
  • Widespread application of this method can aid in regulatory inspections and curb illegal shahtoosh trading.